The flora of Djerdap is represented by about 1100 taxon (species and subspecies) of cormophyta. The presence of tertiary relics, Berberis vulgaris (European barberry), Juglans regia (Common walnut), Hedera helix (Ivy), Cotinus coggygria (Smoke tree), Staphylea pinnata (European bladdernut), Syringa vulgaris (Liliac), Celtis australis (European nettle tree), Ilex aquifolium (Holly), Taxus baccata (Conifer), Ruscus aculeatus (Butcher’s Broom), Ruscus hypoglossum (Mouse Thorn), Corylus colurna (Turkish Hazel), Fagus moesiaca (Balkan Beech), Fagus orientalis (Oriental Beech), in the area of Djerdap National Park imply its extremely relic characteristics.

Before the damming of the Danube and the creation of reservoirs, Djerdap’s part of the Danube was populated by 60 fish species. The damming of the Danube caused a great variation of water levels, a large backwater and the changes in the relief of the bottom. Today, this part of the Danube is populated by around 58 species of fish. The most important fish species are catfish (Silurus glanis), perch (Stizostedion lucioperca), rocky perch (Stizostedion volgensis), bream (Abramis brama), chub (Leuciscus cephalus), sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus), barbel (Barbus barbus), Zope (Abramis ballerus) and others.

The territory of Đerdap is inhabited by 13 species of amphibians, are classified as strictly protected, except for green frogs that fall into the category of protected species. Some of the species are fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra), Newt (Lissotriton vulgaris), Yellow-Bellied Toad (Bombina variegata), common toad (Bufo bufo) tree frog (Hyla arborea), wood frog (Rana dalmatina) and others.

14 out of the 25 known species of reptiles in the territory of Serbia inhabit the territory of the Djerdap National Park. The presence of two turtle species, six species of lizards and six species of snakes (only one poisonous) has been recorded in the Djerdap National Park.

Djerdap area has great biodiversity of birds, due to which it is classified as an Important Bird Area The presence of more than 270 species of birds, from a total of 360 recorded species in Serbia has been confirmed in the Djerdap National Park.

Also, about 60 species out of 98 species of mammals registered on the territory of Serbia are present In the Djerdap National Park. Among the strictly protected and protected species are: water shrew (Neomys fodiens), forest shrew (Sorex araneus), water vole (Arvicola amphibius), forest dormouse (Dryomys nitedula), weasel (Mustela nivalis), brown ferret (Mustela putorius) lynx (Lynx lynx), and 14 species of bats.